'An Empirical Analysis of Racial Differences in Use of Police Force' by Roland Fryer
Link to study:
https://scholar.harvard.edu/fryer/publications/empirical-analysis-racial-differences-police-use-force
Some bullets:
- Blacks 53% more likely to experience any use of force relative to 15% for whites
- All controls available, officers 46.6% less likely to discharge firearms before being attacked if suspect is black.
- Black officers are more likely to shoot unarmed whites, relative to white officers.
- Blacks are 21% less likely to report voluntary interaction with police than whites.
Acknowledged that it is now published, but the criticisms for the paper still stands. This paper's sample sized is quite small, and only examines what happens during a police encounter, rather than how frequent police encounters happen with specific races. Furthermore, Dr. Fryer's background in economics is great for modeling, but he lacks expertise in criminology -- sometimes numbers don't tell the whole story.
https://www.snopes.com/news/2016/07/15/harvard-study-officer-involved-shootings/
Worthwhile to add that the author himself is a black male and by all accounts he expected to find more of a disparity than he did during the study. Yes the study was for a limited scope of cities too, not national.