Do you contribute to your 401k or is the money better in your hands, easily accessible before 65 and placed into an etf?

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The point of the 401k is the tax advantage, not the investment options

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You remove the ~$20k from your income, thus paying lower federal taxes at a time when your tax burden is almost assuredly higher than when in retirement.

Both. Always contribute to 401k up until employer match minimum. After that, Up to you. I prefer adding in a little more but I don’t max out side I have other expenses I’m saving up for.

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Por que no los dos?

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If you are in investment banking, you will soon be able to easily max out your 401k contributions. Do that first for company match and tax reasons.

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Maxed out. I make enough for what I need now and then some. Might as well use tax advantaged accounts as much as I can to ensure I don't have to keep up this grind forever.

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Always contribute to at least maximize your company 401k match, it’s free money.

Let’s assume that the time horizon for using the $1,000 is the same in both examples – i.e., retirement.

Two issues that come to mind with the taxable account are:

1) Tax leakage during the investing years. Mutual funds must distribute their cap gains and income annually, which are taxable events if held in a taxable account. Many stocks have dividends. Taxable bonds have taxable interest. Etc.

2) Turnover cost during the investing years. In a taxable account, you’ll pay capital gains if you sell part or all of a position pre-retirement above cost basis. Not the case in a 401(k). So portfolio management / rebalancing is a bit trickier.

If you put $1,000 into, say, a non-dividend paying stock that has tremendous growth, then you’d rather own it in a taxable account.

It’s free money. Not only is it free, but it’s tax free. There are few times when a decision is as easy as maxing out your 401k.

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