ELI5: back door Roth and mega back door Roth. What are they, who do they benefit, how to realize?

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To answer your question directly a backdoor roth is a contribution from checking account to traditional ira and then immediately rolling it to a Roth. This is done because Roth has income restrictions, but a traditional doesn't and a conversion doesn't. Since you made the traditional contribution in 2020 and did the conversion in 2020, you cannot take the deduction of the traditional (see our other thread).

Basically a backdoor is a legal loophole that opens the roth account.

Note, there can be lots of things that prevent this from being this clean. Example, if you left a job after 5 years and converted the traditional 401k into a traditional ira. Doing a back door roth contribution can be complicated

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That makes sense. Thank you

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Your Q on the MEGA Backdoor Roth: that is something that must be in your employer's 401(k) plan.

It allows you to put aside AFTER TAX money into a Roth 401k or Roth IRA, up to a maximum contribution of $52k/year (I believe), to encompass all contributions to 401k (yours and employer match) and mega backdoor contributions.

The mega backdoor then compounds, and, because it is a Roth, you don't pay tax on the disbursements, when you take them.

It is a FANTASTIC vehicle for turbo-charging your retirement savings, if your company offers it and you can take full advantage each year.

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If only more offered it. 😭

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I have been trying to read up and just called Schwab to understand what the tax liability is. Lady said the liability would be on the total amount. That can’t be right, right? I put $5,500 post-tax dollars into a traditional IRA for 2019. She’s saying that I would be taxed on the full distribution if I converted to a Roth?

then you should be good but make sure you google the proper steps. I have done it for two years and always forget. it always lowers my return because I get a form saying I took a disbursement but then with the proper steps you won't be penalized.

Correct. You've used pre-tax dollars by taking a deduction on your income in the year of contribution. Traditional gains are taxed at withdraw/conversion. To make this a Roth account, you need to pay taxes on the entire value in the year of the conversion. You'll pay this tax as part of your tax return. All future gains will be tax free. Withdraw will be tax free.

Lol yup. So to spell it out.

You contribute to your tradition ira using post tax dollars.

You then take a disbursement from your traditional Ira.

You then convert to Roth IRA. (Usually done in a single step)

When you do your taxes at the end of the year, you enter your traditional Ira contribution. It should reduce your agi for you (basically saying that you are now using pretax dollars for your traditional Ira).

It will then disqualify you from your traditional tax benefit because your income is too high, and re-adding back to your agi.

You will then tell turbo tax that you took a disbursement from your traditional Ira. It will think you will owe a bunch o’ penalties and taxes on growth etc.

Except then you tell it you rolled it into your Roth IRA, in which case turbo tax will say jk about the penalties and taxes on your disbursement.

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